Objava internih policijskih navodil za ravnanje z migranti / Release of Internal Police Directives on Procedures With Migrants

Pripravil/Written by Matej Kavčič.

Pretekli teden je Upravno sodišče odločilo, da mora Slovenska policija razkriti še neobjavljene interne dokumente, ki zadevajo navodila za policiste pri postopkih z migranti, ki so prečkali mejo in zaprosili za azil v Sloveniji. V enem izmed teh dokumentov lahko preberemo, da je Policijska uprava Novo mesto 6. aprila 2018 izdala navodilo, da morajo slovenski policisti ob prisotnosti hrvaških kolegov prošnjo za azil s strani migranta tolmačiti, kot da je ta zaprosil za azil na Hrvaškem in ga tudi vrniti čez mejo. Ta direktiva je podobna že objavljenim dokumentom iz 25.5.2018, ko je nekdanji generalni direktor Slovenske policije Simon Velički izdal navodilo, da morajo slovenski policisti v mešanih patruljah s hrvaškimi policisti osebe ujete pri neregularnem prehodu izročiti na Hrvaško, četudi zaprosijo za azil v Sloveniji. Ta direktiva je začetek sistematičnega zavračanja pravice do postopka za pridobitev mednarodne zaščite in množičnih malverzacij uradnih postopkov na obmejnih policijskih postajah. Očiten primer je Policijska postaja Črnomelj, kjer je v še v maju 2018 za mednarodno zaščito zaprosilo 371 oseb, nato pa število prošenj za azil  v juniju 2018 padlo zgolj na 13. Pričevanja oseb, ki so bile obravnave na slovenskih policijskih postajah, vsebujejo poročila o verbalnem in včasih tudi fizičnem nasilju, prošnje za azil so soočene z grožnjami in udarci, mnogi pa so prisiljeni ali ogoljufani v podpisovanje dokumentov brez prevodov ali razlage, kaj podpisujejo. Podpisovanje poteka pogosto v veri, da bodo premeščeni v Azilni dom v Ljubljani, saj jim sami policisti to zagotovijo, medtem ko se nato s temi dokumenti v resnici izpelje postopek vrnitve na Hrvaško. Tak primer so ponarejeni policijski zapisniki, na podlagi katerih policija osebe zabeleži kot ekonomske migrante in ne kot osebe, ki iščejo mednarodno zaščito in so potencialno v življenjski nevarnosti. Navkljub nesporno dokazanem množičnemu nasilju v obliki mučenja, tepeža, kraje in izgona v Bosno in Hercegovino je Slovenija na Hrvaško po meddržavnem sporazumu izročila več kot 4500 oseb. Do konca novembra letos se je število izročitev več kot podvojilo, na Hrvaško je bilo izgnanih več kot 10 500 oseb ob zabeleženih 15 200 neregularnih prehodih.

Novo razkriti dokumenti, ki jih zahteval Amnesty International Slovenija in so bili objavljeni šele po posredovanju Informacijske pooblaščenke in Upravnega sodišča, še vedno niso razkriti v celoti, vendar pa dodatno razkrivajo očitno diskriminatorne in nezakonite prakse slovenske policije in uradov. V dokumentu iz marca 2018 je razvidno, da je policijsko vodstvo z pristojnimi v Azilnem domu Vič sklenilo, da naj po sprejemu prosilcev za azil iz Alžirije in Maroka Azilni dom za te prosilce iz teh držav odredi omejitev gibanja in premestitev v Center za tujcev Postojni, kjer velja zaporniški režim. Osebe zaprte v Centru za tujce so namreč 23 ur na dan omejene na gibanje v prostoru ograjene stavbe v obrtni coni z zgolj eno uro izhoda na igrišče. Omejitev gibanja je utemeljena z razlago, da so prosilci iz teh držav najbolj problematični in zapustijo državo pred koncem azilnega postopka, odreditev omejitve pa naj bi se zgodila zgolj na podlagi narodnosti in suma. Slovenski policisti na  meji izvajajo množične izgone in tako številne osebe izpostavljajo življenjski nevarnosti na Hrvaškem in Bosni in Hercegovini, takšno delovanje pa je bilo ukazano iz vrha Slovenske policije. Kdor uspe zaprositi za azil v Sloveniji, pa je državo prisiljen zapusti zaradi nemogočih pogojev, s katerimi je soočen kot prosilec za azil. V letu 2019 je Slovenija podelila mednarodno ali subsidiarno zaščito 67 osebam, medtem ko je za azil zaprosilo 3640 oseb. Prosilec za azil je upravičen do 18 evrov mesečne žepnine za lastne življenjske stroške, za dovoljenje za delo pa je prisiljen čakati 9 mesecev. Takšne razmere silijo ljudi, da možnosti preživetja iščejo drugod.

Razkriti dokumenti po odločitvi sodišča so v priponki.

Že objavljena navodila in poročilo InfoKolpe so dostopna tu: https://push-forward.org/porocilo/report-illegal-practice-collective-expulsion-slovene-croatian-border

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Last week Administration Court in Slovenia order Slovenian Police to disclose a number of internal documents revealing internal orders regarding how police officers should operate when dealing with migrants who crossed the border and requested to seek asylum. In one of the documents from Police Administration of Novo mesto it is written that when a migrant request to seek asylum in Slovenia in the presence of Slovenian and Croatian Police this should be interpreted by the Slovenian police officer that the migrant has requested to seek asylum in Croatia. The directive in this document is similar to already published documents from 25.5.2018 when former General Director of Slovene Police Simon Velički ordered Slovene police officers working in mixed patrols with Croatian police to return migrants to Croatia even if they request for asylum procedure in Slovenia.

The vague content of these instructions represent a clue on administrative foundation of a start of systematic denial of a right to international protection and massive malversation of official procedures on border police stations in Slovenia. For Example, Police Station Črnomelj a municipality bordering Croatia which is under the administration of Novo mesto the number of asylum requests dropped from 371 in May 2018 to only 13 in June 2018. This dramatic drop in asylum requests is a direct result of revealed documents, though it does not explain what is the legal basis of returning migrants are found in central Slovenia or even at the border of Italy. Testimonies of migrants who were processed at Slovene police stations report verbal and sometimes physical abuse, requests for asylum are faced with threats of violence and many are forced to sign untranslated documents renouncing any claim for asylum giving the basis for their “push back” to Croatia. These documents are signed  with no given explanation or with the explicit promise that their signature is required for entering the asylum procedure.

Newly revealed internal documents which were requested by Amnesty International Slovenia and revealed by the Court and are still not fully available to the public additionally prove a clear discriminatory and illegal policy of Slovenian police. The instructions written by the general command also state that state officials in Asylum Home Vič should issue decision for asylum seekers from Algeria and Morocco to be transferred to Detention Center in Postojna where they have to no right of free movement as they are more likely to be violent, use drugs and abuse the right to asylum by leaving the country before their procedure is finished. It is important to note that in 2019 Slovenia has granted international protection to only  67 people while 3640 asylum requests were filed. Additionally asylum seekers in Slovenia wait usually more than one and up to four year to receive a decision on their asylum procedure, receive only 18 euros per month of allowance and have to wait 9 months for work permit, so many are forced to seek options of survival outside the country.

Despite clear evidence of high risk of physical abuse, numerous other forms of official disrespect (confiscating valuables, destroying their meager possesion telephones and even jackets and shoes) and even torture in the hands of Croatian authorities, Slovenian Police has last year returned more that 4500 people to Croatia under the readmission agreement between Croatia and Slovenia This year Slovene police has by the end of November returned  to Croatia more than 10500 people with 15200 recorded irregular border crossings.

The “readmission agreement” between Croatia and Slovenia which  is suspected to form the official foundation for this massive international disrespect of numerous basic liberties not to mention international treaties starting with the principle of “non-refoulement” (Article 33, 1951 Refugge Conventions). Even if the readmission agreement would be legal it would be problematic. As the agreement is an international contract between and EU member state and non-Member state (as Croatia was not a member at the time of the agreement) it should not be valid even under the most transparent and humane conditions though they are in no account neither transparent nor humane.  

The newly reveled documents are in the attachment.

Already before reveled series of directives can be found on this link along with the Infokolpa report: https://push-forward.org/porocilo/report-illegal-practice-collective-expulsion-slovene-croatian-border